Mediterranean Diet to Fight Heart Disease

Recent study has once again confirmed that people who follow Mediterranean Diet will live longer than any Europeans. A Mediterranean diet rich in olive oil and low in red meat can combat inflammation that silently simmers away for years inside blood vessels, lowering the risk of a heart attack, a new study suggests.

The Mediterranean diet is not a specific diet plan or diet program but a collection of eating habits that are traditionally followed by the people of the Mediterranean region. There are at least 16 countries bordering the Mediterranean Sea and food habits vary between these countries according to culture, ethnic background and religion. Some common characteristics of Mediterranean dietary pattern are as follows:

• A high consumption of fruits, vegetables, potatoes, beans, nuts, seeds, bread and other cereals
  
• Olive oil used for cooking and dressings
  
• Moderate amounts of fish but little meat
  
• Low to moderate amounts of full fat cheese and yogurt
  
• Moderate consumption of wine, usually with meals
  
• Reliance on local, seasonal, fresh produce
  
• An active lifestyle
  

Many people have questioned whether previous benefits attributed to the Mediterranean diet were actually due to other lifestyle factors -- such as increased exercise -- in people following this diet. But the study clearly shows that this heart-healthy effect was independent of any other lifestyle factors, including exercise, says Demosthenes Panagiotakos, PhD, lecturer in the department of nutrition and dietetics at Harokopian University of Athens in Greece.

Panagiotakos, who presented the findings at the American Heart Association Scientific Sessions 2003, says that previous studies have suggested that sticking to a Mediterranean diet -- which also emphasizes grains, fish, vegetables, and fruit -- may cut the risk of heart disease by up to 30%.

However, it is not fully understood how the Mediterranean diet exerts its protective effect, he says.

"Some have suggested it lowers blood pressure; others speculate it reduces cholesterol levels. Still others say it is not the diet itself but other characteristics of people who follow the diet, such as a healthy lifestyle."